Factors Associated with the Extent of Clinical Attachment Loss in Periodontitis: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Periodontitis has significant public health implications, affecting individuals' overall health, well-being, and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with the extent of clinical attachment loss (CAL) in a population diagnosed with periodontitis. Six hundred and sixty-seven patients with different degrees of CAL (mild, n = 223; moderate, n = 256; and advanced, n = 188) were enrolled. Socio-demographics, lifestyle, microbiological profiles, specific immune response, obesity, and single-nucleotide polymorphism of the IL1 gene were determined. Unconditional logistic regression models were conducted to determine the factors associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, smoking, microbial factors, plaque index, and IgG2 antibodies against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were associated with advanced CAL. IgG2 antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR 1.50; CI 95% 1.23-1.81), plaque accumulation (OR 2.69; CI 95% 2.20-3.29), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR 1.93; CI 95% 1.35-2.76), Tanerella forsythia (OR 1.88; CI 95%1.30-2.70), and current smoking (OR 1.94; CI 95% 1.31-2.87) were associated with advanced CAL. Gene IL polymorphisms, obesity, and stress were not associated with the extent of CAL. Aging, plaque accumulation, smoking, and having antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans were the most critical factors associated with advanced CAL. In contrast, obesity, stress, and gene polymorphisms were not associated with the extent of CAL.

Micosis en los pies: descripción clínico-epidemiológica en un centro de referencia de Bogotá, Colombia / Foot mycosis: clinical and epidemiological characterization in one referal center in Bogota, Colombia

Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de una población con diagnóstico de infección cutánea micótica en los pies confirmada por examen directo con KOH y cultivo en un centro de referencia de Bogotá, Colombia. Material y método: Estudio observacional descriptivo en el que se incluyeron todos los pacientes con lesiones en los pies que fueron atendidos en el servicio de micología entre el año 2011 y el 2016. Se analizaron las características sociodemográficas, clínicas, etiologías y el perfil de tratamiento por medio de un análisis bivariado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 305 pacientes, de los cuales el 82% residía en zona urbana de la ciudad de Bogotá. El hábito más frecuente fue bañarse descalzo, la forma clínica que predominó fue la interdigital y el 35% de los casos presentó de forma simultánea tiña del pie y onicomicosis. Los agentes etiológicos más comunes fueron los dermatofitos con el 95,2% de los casos. Discusión: La presentación clínica sugestiva de micosis, además del resultado positivo del examen directo y del cultivo, permiten hacer el diagnóstico de estas in fecciones. Las características sociodemográficas de quienes sufren este tipo de micosis en Colombia se relacionan con su contagiosidad y tendencia a la cronicidad. La intervención de tales aspectos debe hacer parte de las estrategias para su prevención.

Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the population with cutaneous mycosis in the feet confirmed by positive mycological studies diagnosed in a reference center in Bogota, Colombia. Methods: Descriptive observational study in which all patients with lesions in the feet that were treated in the mycology service between 2011 and 2016 were included. In all cases KOH examination and fungal culture were performed. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, etiologies and the treatment profile were assessed using a bivariate analysis. Results: A total of 305 patients were included, of which 61% were men and 82% lived in an urban area of the city of Bogota. The most common behavior was to take a barefoot bath, the most important comorbidities were venous insufficiency and psoriasis, the main clinical form was interdigital and 35% of the cases presented simultaneously tinea pedis and onychomycosis. The group of dermatophytes was the most frequently isolated (95.2%). Discussion: Clinical examination corresponding with mycosis in the feet, direct examination, and positive culture, allow the physician accurate diagnosis and guide the most appropriate treatment of these infections according to their etiology. The sociodemographic characteristics of those who suffer from this mycosis in Co lombia are related to their contagiousness and tendency to chronicity, therefore, the intervention of such aspects must be part of the strategies for their prevention.

Microbiome and Microbial Biofilm Profiles of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: This systematic review assesses microbiologic profiles of peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and healthy implants based on studies that evaluated microbial biofilms and entire microbiomes to establish their similarities and differences. METHODS: The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched without language restrictions through July 30, 2016. Observational studies that evaluated microbial profiles or entire microbiomes of peri-implantitis compared with healthy implants or periodontitis were considered eligible for inclusion. A descriptive summary was created to determine quantity of data and interstudy variations. RESULTS: Of 126 potentially eligible articles, 26 were included in this study. Twenty-one of these articles evaluated the microbiologic profile of peri-implantitis versus healthy implants or periodontitis using conventional microbiologic techniques. Five articles evaluated the entire microbiome using genomic sequencing. Teeth with periodontitis, healthy implants, or implants with peri-implantitis were colonized by periodontal microorganisms. Porphyromonas gingivalis and especially Prevotella intermedius/nigrescens were often identified at peri-implantitis sites. Peri-implantitis sites were also colonized by uncultivable asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram-positive rods and anaerobic Gram-negative rods, which were not frequently identified in teeth with periodontitis or healthy implants. Opportunistic microorganisms were not found very frequently in peri-implantitis sites. CONCLUSIONS: Peri-implantitis represents a heterogeneous mixed infection that includes periodontopathic microorganisms, uncultivable asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram-positive rods and other uncultivable Gram-negative rods, and, rarely, opportunistic microorganisms such as enteric rods and Staphylococcus aureus. Sequencing methods that evaluate the entire microbiome improve identification of microorganisms associated with peri-implantitis.

Manejo integral hematológico-odontológico en trombastenia de Glanzmann / Hematology-dental integrated management in Glanzmann thrombasthenia

La trombastenia de Glanzmann (TG) es una enfermedad hematológica de baja frecuencia, tiene un patrón de herencia autosómica recesiva. Se caracteriza por alteración de la función plaquetaria. Se puede presentar como petequias, epistaxis, hemorragias gastrointestinales y gingivales. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de género masculino que acude a servicio odontológico universitario anexo a hospital de cuarto nivel por presentar gingivorragia severa y aflojamiento de algunos dientes. El manejo integral del paciente muestra la importancia del trabajo multidisciplinario. (Acta Med Colomb 2015; 40: 58-61).

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is a low frequency hematologic disease with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It is characterized by impaired platelet function. It It can occur as petechiae, epistaxis and gastrointestinal and gingival bleeding. The case of a male patient who attends University Dental Service annex to fourth level hospital for presenting severe gingival bleeding and loosening of some teeth is reported. The integral management of the patient shows the importance of multidisciplinary work. (Acta Med Colomb 2015; 40: 58-61).